The invention relates to an electric charge meter reading and payment system based on two-dimensional codes, which comprises remote electric charge meter reading machines arranged at houses of users. The system is characterized by also comprising a remote power electric charge management system and a user mobile phone, wherein each remote electric charge meter reading machine acquires data of the user electric meter in real time, and transmits the data to the remote power electric charge management system; the remote power electric charge management system converts monthly power utilization data and monthly power utilization charge of the ID in combination with the on-line payment function provided by the bank into an e-banking electric charge payment link when paying the monthly electric charge according to the ID of the user, and generates a two-dimensional code; the remote power electric charge management system transmits the two-dimensional code to the remote electric charge meter reading machine of the corresponding ID; and the user mobile phone is used for scanning the two-dimensional code to acquire power utilization data, and logging on the e-banking system through the payment link to perform mobile phone payment. The system solves the problem that the user needs to pay in the bank with a payment note at present, and has the advantages of simple structure and high practicality.