The invention relates to an image processing system and method based on multi-level image positioning. The system comprises an image acquisition device, an image positioning device and an image processing device which are connected successively. The image acquisition device is used to acquire standard sample images and target images of same frames. The image positioning device is used to set a feature image and a search range in each frame of acquired standard sample image according to the gray and/or gradient feature of the frame of standard sample image so as to perform the feature image matching process in the acquired target image of same frames. The image processing device is use to perform data processing to obtain the offset of the feature image, perform image comparison between the acquired target images and standard sample images of same frames through the digital image processing technology, and perform analysis on the comparison result so as to complete the image processing. The system and method of the invention can be used to perform global positioning, the target images and the standard sample images can be completely aligned, so the image processing accuracy and the forme detection precision can be improved.