The invention discloses a fingerprint lock system based on an electric energy meter. The fingerprint lock system comprises a fingerprint lock box installed on the electric energy meter. The fingerprint lock box is connected to a meter tail cap in the electric energy meter through a built-in bolt-containing electromagnet. The fingerprint lock box is provided with a fingerprint collecting device. A main control panel, a fingerprint identification module and an actuating mechanism module are disposed in the fingerprint lock box. The fingerprint identification module is connected to the MCU of the electric energy meter through an UART communication interface. The output terminal of the MCU of the electric energy meter is connected to the actuating mechanism module. The power input terminal of the fingerprint identification module and the actuating mechanism module is connected to the power output terminal of the electric energy meter through a DC-DC converter. The fingerprint collecting module is separately connected to the main control panel and the fingerprint identification module. The main control panel is connected to a computer through an RS-232 communication wire. The computer is connected to the electric energy meter through an RS-485 communication wire. Compared with traditional technology, the fingerprint lock system is simple in structure and is convenient to operate, and outdated time-consuming sealing and unsealing manners of the meter tail cap are changed, thus facilitating management of meter tail opening and closing.