The invention discloses a preparation method for a novel heavy oil hydrogenization demetallization catalyst adopting macroporous structures. The preparation method is characterized by particularly comprising the following steps: 1) preparing alumina sol; 2) mixing pitch residue powder with the alumina sol to prepare a catalyst carrier adopting the macroporous structures; 3) impregnating the formed catalyst carrier by a two-step impregnation method adopting isopyknic division to finally obtain the catalyst. The catalyst prepared by the method adopts mesopore structures and the macroporous structures at different proportions; the proportion of the macroporous structures can be adjusted with the amount of pore forming materials of pitch residues. A diffusion experiment shows that the catalyst adopting the macroporous structures in a certain proportion meets mechanism of a heavy oil hydrogenization demetallization reaction, has a relatively high metal accommodation ability, effectively lowers the reaction resistance in the heavy oil hydrogenization demetallization reaction process, improves effective diffusion coefficient of heavy oil in the catalyst, and is suitable for processing heavy oil or residual oil with relatively high metal content.