The invention discloses a modified polybutadiene rubber composition which comprises polybutadiene rubber and auxiliary additives, wherein the auxiliary additives include weather resistance agent, impact modifier, foaming agent, anti-wear agent, crosslinking agent and filling agent; the weather resistance agent is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone; the impact modifier is chlorinated polyethylene; the foaming agent is azobisformamide; the anti-wear agent is silicon nitride; the crosslinking agent is hexahydrophthalic anhydride; and the filling agent is mica powder. By adding the multiple additives to modify the polybutadiene rubber, the modified polybutadiene rubber has favorable wear resistance, high mechanical strength, high toughness, slip resistance and other properties; and the modified polybutadiene rubber is easy to process.