The invention provides a device for detecting the appearance damage of a cable anchoring section by means of video detection. The device comprises a spotlighting source, a single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror, a single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror climbing device, an optical imaging system and a high-definition CCD (charge coupled device) image acquisition system, wherein the single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror climbing device comprises a single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror installing support, a steel structure support and a power driving mechanism; the steel structure support comprises an upper semi-support, a lower semi-support and a semi-circular front-tail end plate which are in bolted connection with one another to form an integrally surrounded cable body; the single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror installing support is arranged on a driving screw and a driving guide rod of the upper semi-support, and the single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror and the spotlighting source are arranged on the single-lens reflex semi-permeable mirror installing support and can along the inclined surface outside a pull cable with the installing support. The device is used for performing long-distance observation on a hidden section pull cable body in the cable anchoring section and the appearance damage detection in a narrow and small space; a visual image of an object to be detected can be obtained, so that the position of the defect and the quantitative data of the length and the width of the defect can be exactly obtained.