The present invention relates to the technical field of route relay networking, and particularly, to a wireless automatic relay networking method and a meter reading system. Compared with the prior art, for a small part of collectors which do not join in a concentrator routing table, a concentrator sends unicast signals to the collectors according to network addresses of the collectors to carry out name-calling networking. The networking process can be stopped, and can be continued after the concentrator finishes other communication work. In addition, the collectors to join a network are not broadcast, so that interference on other collectors and the concentrator during meter reading is greatly reduced.