The invention relates to a vanadium pentoxide catalyst microwave-drying process which is short in drying circle, simple in process, high in efficiency and free of pollution. The vanadium pentoxide catalyst microwave-drying process includes: squeezing water-contained materials of prepared vanadium pentoxide catalyst prior to distributing the materials; continuously drying the materials inside a microwave cavity of microwave equipment; finally discharging moisture inside the microwave equipment prior to checking and packaging to obtain dried products. The materials dried by the process are high in porosity and good in quality, catalyst effect is greatly improved, and the materials are pure in color without uniformity; heating is performed inside and the outside simultaneously, so that drying is more thorough; by the application of the full-automatic continuous microwave-drying mode, the drying process is short in drying circle, simple in process, high in efficiency and labor saving, pollution can be reduced, and health of working personnel can be guaranteed.