The present invention relates to 1,3-dioxoindene derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or optical isomers thereof, a preparation method for same, and a pharmaceutical composition containing same as an active ingredient with antiviral activity. The 1,3-dioxoindene derivatives of formula (1) according to the present invention have low cyto-toxicity, and can also demonstrate utility as pharmaceutical compositions for preventing or treating viral diseases such as: polio, viral paralysis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, viral meningitis, hand-foot-mouth disease, blistering diseases, hepatitis A, myositis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, viral diabetes, epidemic myalgia, encephalitis, flu, herpes angina, foot-and-mouth disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media, and the like, since excellent antiviral activity against picornaviruses such as Coxsackie virus, enterovirus, echovirus, polio virus, rhinovirus, and the like, have been demonstrated.