An electric power security communication network based on quantum key distribution technology comprises a power longitudinal encryption authentication device, a key generation control server, a classic switch, and a QKD system. The key generation control server is connected to the QKD system through the classic switch. Each power longitudinal encryption authentication device is provided with a QKD system which is connected to the power longitudinal encryption authentication device. The quantum key distribution is achieved through quantum channels among QKD systems. Communication among power longitudinal encryption authentication devices is achieved through classical channels. The power longitudinal encryption authentication device includes a quantum key transmission unit, a quantum key processing unit and an electric power communication data encryption unit, which are connected in sequence. Under a multi-user application situation, the interconnection among all the QKD systems will be achieved through all-pass typed light quantum switches. The invention further discloses an embodiment of integration of the electric power communication network and the quantum network. The electric power security communication network based on quantum key distribution technology has the advantage that the security in electric power communication network data transmission can be greatly improved by applying quantum communication technology into the traditional electric power communication network.