A high-speed railway traction net lightening net lightening disaster risk evaluation method based on a hierarchy analysis method comprises the following steps: S1, setting each piece of information of high-speed railway; S2, dividing the high-speed railway to a plurality of spatial grid sections which correspond with each power supply arm section according to a grid method; S3, calculating for obtaining a direct lightening strike trip-out rate, indirect lightening strike trip-out rate and a total lightening strike trip-out rate of each grid section; S4, performing weighted arithmetic averaging on the total lightening strike trip-out rate for obtaining a full-line average lightening strike trip-out rate, performing lightening-proof performance evaluation on the total lightening strike trip-out rate of each grid section through utilizing the full-line average lightening strike trip-out rate as a reference value, and determining lightening disaster risk grade; S5, calculating each percentage between the grid sections where the lightening disaster risk in each power supply arm section is in a certain grade and total grid sections in each power supply arm section; and S6, determining a lightening disaster risk weight vector of each power supply arm section based on an easy-flash section hierarchy model of the high-speed railway. The high-speed railway traction net lightening net lightening disaster risk evaluation method has the beneficial effects of: realizing accurate evaluation for lightening disaster risk of each power supply arm section of the high-speed railway, and improving lightening-proof level of the high-speed railway.