The invention discloses amphiphilic asymmetric polystyrene-acrylamide microspheres and a preparation method thereof. A miniemulsion method is used for preparing the seed emulsion of styrene hemispheres, and in the process, paraffin is introduced into an oil phase to enable paraffin hemispheres and the styrene hemispheres to form droplet spheres formed by the oil phase, and the shape of styrene is kept hemispherical after the styrene is polymerized; post-polymerization acrylamide monomers exist at a three-phase interface of an aqueous phase at the styrene hemispheres to initiate polymerization to form amphiphilic asymmetric microspheres after being added. According to the method, a process is simple, the method is easy to operate, reaction conditions are mild and easy to control, the obtained microspheres are uniform in size, and the performance such as emulsification performance and adsorption performance of the microspheres used as a surfactant can be controlled by changing the addition of oil-soluble monomers and water-soluble monomers.