The invention discloses a multi-granularity remote sensing data access method based on rules. The method comprises the following steps that (1) users log in, different roles are distributed for the users according to the membership credentials of the users, each role corresponds to a set of basic permissions, and the basic permissions give the users the permissions to access coarse-granularity remote sensing data; (2) when the users send access requests on fine-granularity remote sensing data, the access requests are analyzed according to the authorization rules, whether the access requests are allowed or not is judged, if the access requests are allowed, the users are authorized to access the corresponding fine-granularity remote sensing data, and if the access requests are not allowed, the users are refused to access the corresponding fine-granularity remote sensing data. Through the preset authorization rules, the access permissions are individually given to the different roles, remote sensing data access needs which become complex day by day are met, and the safety and confidentiality needs of remote sensing data services can be met.