The invention relates to an oil extraction device capable of collecting and outputting in layers, so as to solve the problems of short service life, high cost and low efficiency of the present device. A hollow plunger (9) is composed of big-diameter and small-diameter sections which are respectively in movable fit with inner walls of mutually connected upper and lower pump cylinders; a sleeve is arranged on the exterior of the upper pump cylinder, so as to form an interlayer; an upper liquid draining valve (5), a lower liquid draining valve (6), a liquid inlet/outlet (7) and an external fixing valve (8) are arranged on the interlayer from top to bottom; the upper end of the plunger (9) is connected with an upper plunger joint (2); an upper traveling valve (3) is arranged at the upper end of the plunger (9); a lower traveling valve (10) is arranged at the lower end of the plunger (9); the lower pump cylinder is connected with a lower joint (12); an internal fixing valve (11) is arranged on the lower pump cylinder; the upper pump cylinder is connected with an upper joint (1) which is connected with a first upper oil pipe; the lower joint (12) is connected with a lower oil pipe; the upper end of the sleeve is connected with a second upper oil pipe; the upper plunger joint (2) is connected with an oil extraction rod; a hole communicated with the upper joint (1) is arranged on the upper plunger joint (2).