The invention provides a high voltage vacuum circuit breaker contact spring transmission device with high reliability. The device comprises a transmission guide rod, a precompressed lock guide rod which is fixedly connected with the transmission guide rod, and a guide sleeve rod which sleeves the precompressed lock guide rod and is cooperated with the precompressed lock guide rod to limit and guide the precompressed lock guide rod. The transmission guide rod is fixed at one end of the guide sleeve rod, a spring is fixed at the other end of the guide sleeve rod, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the transmission guide rod or the precompressed lock guide rod. When a circuit breaker is in a switch-on state, the contact spring transmission device provides circuit breaker rated overtravel and rated contact final pressure. When the circuit breaker is in a switch-off state, the contact spring transmission device provides circuit breaker contact spring precompression quantity. According to the device, a pin shaft structure widely employed by the contact spring transmission device is cancelled, and the mechanical reliability can be significantly improved.