A large-deformation broken surrounding rock roadway management method includes forming deep grouting holes in a deformed roadway for grouting, after deep grouting is completed, performing construction on the deformed roadway, removing deformed parts of the top, side and bottom of the deformed roadway, recovering an original design section of the roadway, supporting the whole roadway section intensively, then forming shallow grouting holes in the top and sides of recovered original design section at equal intervals, performing secondary grouting, grouting the shallow grouting holes through grouting anchors to glue grout and roadway surrounding rocks stably, and completing recovery of the deformed roadway. The existing broken roadway supporting technology, roadway surrounding rock reinforcing theory and prestress technology are combined, on the basis of improving the stress state of the roadway surrounding rock, the technical manners of surrounding rock deep grouting, high-strength anchor intensive anchoring and wall back filling are adopted, a compound support structure is formed between the roadway broken surrounding rock and the roadway support, mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock are optimized effectively, bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is improved, and stability of the roadway section is guaranteed.