The invention discloses a copper rapid determination method based on a differential pulse voltammetry and a three-electrode sensor, and belongs to the environmental monitoring technical field. The method comprises the specific steps: cleaning an electrode basal plate, then drying, and cooling; coating the electrode basal plate with a conductive silver paste to form three electrode strips, drying, and cooling; then coating with a conductive carbon paste, forming a reference electrode, a working electrode, a counter electrode and an electrode working area, drying, and cooling; next coating with an insulation paste to form an insulation film, and drying and cooling to obtain the three-electrode sensor; and cleaning the three-electrode sensor, connecting with an electrochemical workstation, setting detection conditions of the differential pulse voltammetry, respectively determining pulse peak current values of a copper ion standard solution and a to-be-measured solution, acquiring a differential equation of the copper ion concentration and the pulse peak current value, and thus obtaining the concentration value of the to-be-measured solution through the differential equation. The method has the beneficial effects that the production cost of the three-electrode sensor is low, the required amount of the sample is less during detection, and the method is rapid, sensitive, cheap and effective.