The invention relates to method and device for producing crude antimony by smelting an antimony oxide-containing material in a smelting furnace. The method for producing the crude antimony by smelting the antimony oxide-containing material in the smelting furnace comprises the following steps that with the antimony oxide-containing material as a raw material, blind coal or coke or natural gas or coal gas and the like as a reducing agent and fuel and iron ores and lime as fusing agents, oxygen-enriched air is blown; feed materials are metered and then enter a smelting furnace of an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting pool to react so as to produce the crude antimony, furnace slag and flue gases; the crude antimony and the furnace slag are respectively discharged after being precipitated and layered in the smelting furnace, the crude antimony is delivered to a next procedure for refining, and the furnace slag can be directly used as waste slag after being subjected to water quenching; after the flue gases are subjected to condensing and dust collection, dust obtained through condensation is returned to be treated, and a tail gas is discharged by reaching the standard after being treated. The invention also comprises the device for producing the crude antimony by smelting the antimony oxide-containing material. The method and device which are disclosed by the invention have the advantages of high raw material adaptability, low energy consumption, high direct yield and recovery rate of antimony metal, high production efficiency, low labor intensity, cleanness and environmental protection in production, low production cost and good economic benefit.