The invention provides a method for simulating XLPE insulated cable partial discharge and a simulation testing platform, and belongs to the technical field of power cable charged detection. According to the method, five different defect types of an XLPE cable are accurately simulated, and therefore the defect types correspond to partial discharge detection technology effectiveness in a one-to-one mode; the method comprises the specific steps that an atlas database of XLPE cable partial discharge is built at first; then different types of typical defects of the XLPE insulated cable are manufactured manually; the type and degree of the defects are judged according to the features of output signals of the simulation testing platform, and the defect types are made to correspond to partial discharge detection technology effectiveness in the one-to-one mode. The simulation testing platform can simulate five types of typical defects of the cable, and significantly improve the XLPE cable partial discharge fault recognition capability. The method for simulating XLPE insulated cable partial discharge and the simulation testing platform have the advantages of being easy to operate, capable of improving the XLPE cable partial discharge fault recognition capability, wide in application range, safe and reliable.