The invention discloses a method for identifying parameters of equivalent circuit models of lithium batteries. The method includes construction of objective functions of genetic algorithms, initialization operation, crossover operation, local search and mutation operation. Objective functions are constructed on the basis of average estimation errors. Value ranges of the to-be-identified parameters are set by means of initialization operation. Crossover operation and mutation operation are carried out according to initial probability values. A process for constructing adjacent individuals by the aid of random crossing genetic bit values is adopted during local search. The method has the advantages of low solving time complexity, high global optimization ability, good algorithm convergence performance and few parameter identification errors. The method is suitable for scientific research institutions to verify and apply simulation modeling technologies.