Disclosed is a visual physical simulation device under the condition of a complex hydrocarbon reservoir real core well network. A displacement system is connected with a well network physical simulation unit. The well network physical simulation unit is connected with a flow metering system. A high pressure pipeline in front of the well network physical simulation unit and a high pressure pipeline behind the well network physical simulation unit are provided with identical pressure sensors respectively. The two pressure sensors are respectively connected with a monitoring system. A microscope is arranged above the well network physical simulation unit and connected with the monitoring system. The displacement system enables pressurized displacement fluid to enter the high pressure pipelines. The pressure sensors monitor pressure and then are connected into a real core set. Pressure at the preset position is monitored through the sensors and transmitted into the monitoring system. The displacement fluid enters a stainless steel tube groove and then flows into an exit end guiding groove. After the pressure is monitored by the rear-end pressure sensor, the displacement fluid flows to the metering system, and flow is recorded. The inlet end and the outlet end in the whole displacement process and signals of the pressure sensors of a well network physical simulation system are connected into the monitoring system. Meanwhile, the monitoring system monitors real-time images in the displacement process in real time through the microscope.