An earth resistivity measurement method for eliminating the mutual inductance effect based on an induced polarization effect comprises the steps that four piles are hit into on one straight line, direct current I(t) is injected on the side A, and a voltage difference delta V(t) between the M and the N is tracked and recorded; FFT is carried out on the injected signal I(t) and the received signal delta U(t), and the amplitude-versus-frequency curve I(s) of the injected signal and the amplitude-versus-frequency curve delta U(s) of the received signal are obtained; apparent resistivity values ranging from 1 to 10 Hz are averaged, and an apparent resistivity amplitude approaching the direct current is obtained; a polar distance a is changed, an apparent resistivity-polar distance curve is obtained, and by the utilization of the apparent resistivity rho being 2*pi*alpha*R, an apparent resistivity rho-alpha curve is obtained; effectiveness is verified according to a small alternating current method. The frequency of the induced polarization effect ranges from 1 Hz to 10 Hz, the mutual inductance effect between leads caused by the small alternating current method can be avoided effectively, a shallow soil structure model is obtained accurately, the big difference between a ground resistance design value and the actual value is avoided, and the distribution of a step potential difference and a contact potential difference near to a transformer substation and a grounding electrode can be mastered effectively and accurately.