The invention discloses a Bradyrhizobium japonicum SCAUs36 and application thereof. The strain is separated and purified from fresh soybean root nodules. The strain is collected to China Center for Type Culture Collection of Wuhan University on March 14th, 2014, the collection number is CCTCC NO.M2014082, and the classification designation is Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The strain is applied to production of Sichuan soybeans. The Bradyrhizobium japonicum SCAUs36 is a favorable broad-spectrum Rhizobium japonicum strain with high symbiotic fixation capacity, wide application range for Sichuan soybean species, IAA (indoleacetic acid) secretion capacity, capacities for dissolving inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus and high stress tolerance. The strain has favorable matching affinity with Sichuan dominant bean species, and can enhance the soybean yield by more than 31% in different ecological regions where no nitrogen fertilizer is applied and the SCAUs36 is inoculated, which is much different from the regions where the SCAUs36 is not inoculated.