The invention provides a downward drift layered cemented filling mining method, and belongs to the technical field of layered cemented filling mining methods. The downward drift layered cemented filling mining method provided by the invention avoids tunnelling of a filling tunnel and a small filling well, reduces or avoids a large quantity of rubbles and improves the filling height of a mined-out stope access. By adopting the mining method, the small filling well and the filling tunnel are not tunnelled, so that waste stone produced by tunnelling the small filling well and the filling tunnel is eliminated, ore dilution is reduced, and blasting fume poisoning accidents and susceptible dampness syndromes produced during upward tunnelling are prevented; filling pipes are not erected over the stope access, so that overhead operation is avoided, and the filling pipes are omitted; meanwhile, the stope access can be fully filled to the top, and the safety of stope top plates is improved.