The invention discloses an artificial eel hatching box which comprises a box body and a sponge placed at the bottom of the box body. A water outlet is formed in the lateral wall of the box body, and the horizontal position of the water outlet is lower than the upper plane position of the sponge. The invention further discloses an artificial eel hatching method. The method includes the steps that the hatching box is horizontally placed at the position which cannot be radiated by sunlight directly; the water outlet of the latching box is blocked, and water is added into the hatching box; fertilized eggs of eels are placed on the sponge, and the box body is waggled horizontally to enable the eggs to be laid on the sponge horizontally; the water outlet is opened to enable the water to flow out naturally; the whole hatching process is completed under the condition of 28 DEG C water temperature. Water is added in the hatching box in a spraying mode twice every day. The sponge and fries are taken out from the hatching box together, and the sponge is placed on the water surface of a fry breeding box in an inverted mode. According to the artificial eel hatching box and the artificial eel hatching method, the height of the water level for fertilized egg hatching can be limited strictly; the placement requirements for the hatching box are greatly reduced; even if the fertilized eggs are completely exposed to the air, the hatching temperature can be guaranteed, and operation is simple and rapid.