The invention discloses an electric power distribution network operation monitoring method and system based on a GIS platform. The electric power distribution network operation monitoring system based on the GIS platform comprises a data acquisition unit, a data monitoring unit and a data calling unit, the data monitoring unit is in butt joint with the data acquisition unit and the data calling unit through special signal ports, the data acquisition unit comprises a digital electric meter, a data collector and a wireless receiving and sending radio station, the data calling unit comprises a dispatching unit and a management module, the data monitoring unit comprises a plurality of independent GIS systems and a early warning module based on the GIS software platform. According to the electric power distribution network operation monitoring system based on the GIS platform, through the real-time monitoring of an electric power distribution network, equipment damage caused by overload and other reasons can be prevented, load loss is reduced, the power distribution reliability is improved, the system can also take part in assisting in making an optimal service scheme when an breakdown occurs, the workload of front-line power distribution workers is lightened, the labor efficiency of workers is improved, the improvement of the enterprise competitiveness is effectively guaranteed, and the electric power distribution network operation monitoring system based on the GIS platform is worthy of wide popularization and application.