The invention discloses a high-strength low temperature resistant cable sheath material which is prepared as follows: putting polyvinyl chloride, unitary ethylene propylene rubber, rubber and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber into a plasticator for plastication; melting and mixing acrylic acid grafted high density polyethylene and bentonite in a flowing deformation instrument to obtain a second material, sending a first material and the second material into a mixing machine to mix evenly, when the temperature is increased to 80-85 DEG C, sequentially adding an antioxidant, N, N '-ethylene distearic amide, zinc stearate, microencapsulated red phosphorus and white carbon black, when the temperature is increased to 125-132 DEG C, adding gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, triallyl cyanurate and zinc methacrylate, mixing, then extrusion-molding and cutting to obtain the high-strength low temperature resistant cable sheath material. The high-strength low temperature resistant cable sheath material is excellent in low temperature resistant performance, high in mechanical strength and thermal deformation temperature, and good in thermal stability.