The invention relates to a cold chain intelligent cold storage box distribution system which comprises at least one intelligent cold storage box, a coordinator, a vehicle-mounted terminal, wireless sensor labels and a 485 bus. Each intelligent cold storage box comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a data line, a data line groove, a button type clamping groove for fixing the corresponding label, a shell made of polyethylene material, and a thermal insulation layer, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the intelligent cold storage box and sends a temperature signal into the corresponding wireless sensor label embedded in the outer wall of the intelligent cold storage box through the data line. Humidity signals and temperature signals of all the intelligent cold storage boxes are sent into the coordinator in a transportation vehicle through the wireless sensor labels. The coordinator is connected with the vehicle-mounted terminal through the 485 bus. The cold chain intelligent cold storage box distribution system is low in design cost and low in complexity, informatization and securitization of the food distribution process are achieved, humidity information and temperature information of food at different distribution temperatures are monitored and collected at the same time in the multi-temperature distribution process, safety of food distribution can be easily enhanced, and timely fault remedy in the distribution process can be easily achieved as well.