Embodiment of the present invention discloses an interpolation filtering method and interpolation filter, which include setting N filter processing units, wherein the filter processing unit includes a filter data buffering unit, and the filter data buffering unit includes M data buffering sub-units; shifting and inputting source data points one by one to the filter data buffering unit of each filter processing unit in parallel and synchronously, processing filter operation to the source data points in each filter processing unit after the source data points are written to each data buffering sub-unit in each filter data buffering unit, and respectively outputting the operation result of the filter operation for each filter processing unit to an output data buffering unit; shifting and inputting next source data points to the filter data buffering unit of each filter processing unit until processing X times filter operation to each filter processing unit, obtaining X operation results and outputting the operation results, wherein X is the number of the source data points.