The invention discloses an eccentric rotor volume pulsation deformation plasticizing transport method and device; according to the method, rotor eccentric helical segments and rotor eccentric straight line segments are respectively alternately arranged in inner chambers of a rotor and a stator, so that the material transport volume is axially and radially alternately periodically changed along the rotor to realize volume pulsation deformation molten plasticizing transport, and an axial compressive force is supported by a swing component. The device comprises the stator, the rotor and the swing component, the rotor is arranged in the inner chamber of the stator, the swing component is arranged at one end of the rotor, the rotor includes a plurality of rotor eccentric helical segments and a plurality of rotor eccentric straight line segments which are alternately connected, the inner chamber of the stator is provided with a plurality of stator helical segments and a plurality of stator straight line segments which are alternately connected; the rotor eccentric helical segments are respectively corresponding to the stator helical segments, and the rotor eccentric helical segments are respectively corresponding to the stator straight line segments. The eccentric rotor volume pulsation deformation plasticizing transport method and device strengthen heat transfer and mass transfer effects of polymer plasticizing transport process, and facilitate shorten the thermal mechanical process, and reduce energy consumption.