A method for determining exploration exploitation value of oil shale comprises: steps a, fragmenting oil shale and screening to obtain fragmented oil shale with certain granularity; step b, dipping fragment oil shale in an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid, stirring at a certain temperature for a certain period, performing hot filtering, and washing to neutralization with hot distilled water, and drying; c, dipping the oil shale processed in the step b in a catalyst solution, stirring at a certain temperature for a certain period, filtering at room temperature and performing vacuum drying; step d, dipping the oil shale processed in the step c in a co-catalyst solution, standing at a certain temperature for a certain period, filtering at room temperature, and naturally drying; and step e, performing normal-pressure destructive distillation on the oil shale processed in the step d at 300 DEG C-400 DEG C, collecting a liquid light fuel part and performing detection. By employing the method, good effect is achieved on improvement of oil yield and improvement of alkane content of the light fuel, and a relatively good basis is provided for determining whether oil shale possesses the exploration exploitation value.