The invention discloses a directional pyrolysis method of combustible wastes. The method comprises the following steps: putting the combustible wastes into a pyrolysis furnace; carrying out air replacement on the pyrolysis furnace, namely feeding nitrogen into the pyrolysis furnace and discharging air from the pyrolysis furnace; maintaining the nitrogen pressure in the pyrolysis furnace within 0.05MPa to 0.1MPa; starting the heating to enter pyrolysis states, namely entering different pyrolysis steps according to different pyrolysis demands for the combustible wastes, wherein the different pyrolysis demands comprise the following steps: obtaining pyrolytic carbon of the combustible wastes, obtaining a pyrolytic tar of the combustible wastes and obtaining a pyrolytic combustible gas of the combustible wastes. According to the method, the combustible wastes are directionally pyrolyzed into the organic carbon, the high-calorific-value gas and the tar by regulating the pyrolysis temperature, the pyrolysis pressure, the heating rate and the catalyst adding mode through the utilization of calorific values of the combustible wastes, so that the utilization rate of the combustible solid wastes is greatly improved; the air is isolated, so that the combustion of the carbon and the volatilization of heavy metals and chlorine are reduced. Thus, the discharge of dioxin is below 0.1ng/Nm<3>.