The invention discloses a miniature automatic fishing device, comprising a shell, a shell cover, a telescopic element and a fixing element, wherein the shell and the shell cover are mutually matched, the telescopic element is movably fixed in a cavity between the shell and the shell cover through a central shaft and comprises a rolling spring, a curtain layer and a fishing thread, the fishing thread is wound at the periphery of the circumference of the curtain layer, the bottom of the shell is provided with small holes, one end of the fixing element penetrates through the small holes in the bottom of the shell, the other end of the fixing element is reserved in the cavity between the shell and the shell cover, and the fishing thread penetrates through the interior of the fixing element to outward extend. The miniature automatic fishing device has the advantages that 1, the device is small and concise, convenient to carry, and free of auxiliary devices, such as rods, buoys and bamboo ends; 2, the fishing thread is retracted by automatic unlocking due to the pull force generated when a fish bites a hook, so that the fish are automatically plunged into the hook, fishers can fish without depending on own experience and without attending, and the miniature automatic fishing device is a real automatic fishing device.