The invention discloses an empty targeting capsule. The empty targeting capsule comprises chitosan, pectin, carrageenan, resistant starch, plasticizer and water repellent agents, wherein sorbitol, glycerol, propylene glycol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol are selected and used as the plasticizer, and polyvinyl alcohol and silicon dioxide are selected and used as the water repellent agents. A preparation method includes the first step of preparing pectin-chitosan polymers, the second step of mixing and dissolving raw materials, and the third step of forming the empty targeting capsule through the conventional mold dipping method. The duodenal targeting capsule, the ileum targeting capsule and the colon targeting capsule can be prepared according to different components and different methods as required; protonated amidogen in the chitosan and ionized carboxyl in the pectin are combined into secondary valence bonds through electrostatic attraction, and polyelectrolyte coordination complexes are formed; the prepared duodenal targeting capsule, the prepared ileum targeting capsule and the prepared colon targeting capsule are accurate in positioning and good in drug release effect and have the advantages of being small in dosage, high in curative effect and low in toxic and side effect.