The invention discloses a method for preparing an anti-carbonization fire-resistant enamel coating and the coating prepared by using the method. The method for preparing the coating comprises the following steps: (1) respectively preparing a first component frit and a second component frit, wherein raw materials of the first component frit comprise silica, diboron trioxide, aluminum oxide, carbonate or bicarbonate of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals, and zinc oxide, the second component frit comprises quartz sand, diboron trioxide, aluminum oxide, carbonate of alkaline-earth metals and zinc oxide, the first component frit is reacted at the temperature of 1245-1260 DEG C, and the second component frit is reacted at the temperature of 1255-1270 DEG C; and (2) performing water quenching, drying and mixing the first component frit and the second component frit, adding a refractory matter and grinding. According to the coating, the service life of a coke reactor can be prolonged, a casing carbonization prevention effect is obvious, the service life of the coke reactor is prolonged, the coking metallurgical performance index and the accuracy of the detection result are improved, and the corresponding maintenance cost is reduced.