The invention provides a data collection system based on a Zookeeper cluster. The system comprises a message queue establishing unit and the Zookeeper cluster. The message queue establishing unit is used for establishing different message queues according to different data sources. The Zookeeper cluster is used for monitoring the states of a plurality of collectors, and enabling any message datum in the message queues to be collected by only one collector, wherein each message queue corresponds to a persistence node of the Zookeeper cluster. Each collector obtains message data under the coordination of the Zookeeper cluster, and corresponds to the temporary node of the persistence node. Correspondingly, the invention further provides a data collection method based on the Zookeeper cluster. According to the technical scheme, different collection modules can be arranged according to different data sources, different storage strategies are set according to different storage requirements, and diversity of data collection and storage is achieved.