The invention provides an extensible tooth type soil pulverizing and seedling shifting device for peanuts. The soil pulverizing and seedling shifting device comprises a roller, a rotating main shaft, extensible teeth, a roller fixing disk, an extensible tooth fixed device and an extensible tooth moving device; the roller fixing disk, the extensible tooth fixed device and the extensible tooth moving device penetrate the rotating main shaft; the rotating main shaft is arranged in the center of the roller and connected with a power device through a driving chain wheel; the surface of the roller is provided with through holes; one end of every extensible tooth is arranged inside the roller and the other end of the extensible tooth is arranged outside the roller through the corresponding through hole; the periphery of the roller fixing disk is fixedly connected with the roller through bolts. The extensible tooth type soil pulverizing and seedling shifting device for peanuts is arranged at the front end of a conveyor device and accordingly clods after crop digging can be broken and accordingly the clods can be refined, the clods in the conveying process can be reduced, and the blocking of a fruit picking device is prevented; meanwhile the cleaning is convenient and the soil containing rate after harvest is reduced; peanut seedlings are directly shifted to a rear sliding plate after the soil pulverizing is achieved so as to fall onto the conveyor device and accordingly the width of the conveyor device is reduced.