The invention relates to a heat exchange system of a power distribution station, and belongs to the field of heat exchange. The heat exchange system of the power distribution station comprises a power supply subsystem and a heat exchange subsystem, wherein the power supply subsystem comprises a battery module used for transmitting electric energy to terminal users; the heat exchange subsystem comprises a heat exchange module used for dissipating heat of the power supply subsystem, and meanwhile recovered heat energy can be transmitted to the terminal users. The heat exchange subsystem is used for recovering the heat energy while dissipating the heat of the power supply subsystem, uniformly managing the heat energy and providing the high-quality heat energy for the terminal users finally. In this way, on one hand, good operation of the power supply subsystem is ensured, on the other hand, the heat energy is effectively recovered, and the problems that a power supply system in the prior art is high in energy consumption and low in use ratio of energy are effectively solved.