[Problem] To provide a waste gasification and melting furnace that promotes the drying and pyrolytic decomposition of waste in the shaft section, making it possible to limit the conveyance of moisture and volatile components to the bottom of the blast furnace and to reduce the consumption of extra coke. [Solution] A waste gasification and melting furnace (1) provided with: a shaft section (2), which has a waste placement port (21) and a furnace gas outlet (22) at the upper end and an opening (23) from which waste is discharged at the bottom end and which dries and pyrolytically decomposes the waste that has been filled therein; a melting furnace section (4), which is disposed so that the furnace core is offset from the shaft section (2) and which has, at the upper end, an opening (46) where the pyrolitically decomposed waste and a carbonaceous solid fuel are supplied and, at the bottom end of the blast furnace, a tuyere (42) where oxygen-enriched air for combustion is blown in; and a communicating section (5) that connects the opening (23) at the bottom of the shaft section to the opening (46) at the upper end of the melting furnace section. The furnace has a configuration wherein the communicating section is provided with: a carbonization grate section (3) disposed at a position that accepts the weight of the waste filled in the shaft section (2); a ventilation device (3) that sends air for drying and pyrolytic decomposition from the carbonization grate section (3) into the shaft section (2) so as to account for 60% or more of the total amount of oxygen blown into the furnace; and a supply device (3) that supplies pyrolytically decomposed waste on the carbonization grate section to the opening (46) at the upper end of the melting furnace section (4).