The invention relates to the medical field, particularly to a Mongolian medicine for treating painful subacute thyroiditis and a preparation method thereof. The Mongolian medicine is prepared by mixing the following substances in parts by weight: 57.5 parts of sandalwood, 57.5 parts of safflowers, 38 parts of bract snow lotuses, 38 parts of erect hypecoum herbs, 38 parts of tabasheer, 38 parts of whin, 38 parts of kusnezoff monkshood leaves, 38 parts of artificial bezoar, 38 parts of myrrh, and 19 parts of bonga aconite. The Mongolian medicine has the benefit that snow lotus ten-flavor tablets have the functions of clearing heat, dispelling acute communicable diseases and stopping pain. After tablets are prepared through preparation reform, necessary experimental researches on major pharmacodynamics are carried out. The result shows that the Mongolian medicine has the functions of clearing heat, dispelling acute communicable diseases and stopping pain, and can effectively treat the painful subacute thyroiditis.