The invention discloses an automatic modification method and system of environmental self-adaptive traffic management parameters. The automatic modification system comprises an information collection device, a processor and an information display device which are in signal connection with each other in turn, wherein the road information collection device comprises a visibility tester, a pavement condition remote sensing tester and an illumination tester. According to the automatic modification method and system of the environmental self-adaptive traffic management parameters, the real-time measurement can be performed on environmental visibility values and the conditions such as the surface accumulated water, accumulated ice and accumulated snow according to the environmental conditions, the real-time synchronous modification can be performed on speed limiting values of speed limiting signs and overspeed capture parameters, and accordingly the frequency of highway traffic accidents is greatly reduced and the problem that the real-time modification cannot be performed on speed limiting instructions according to the specific weather conditions through the existing highway traffic management system is solved.