The invention discloses a method for assembling a large crane bearing and a ship hull. The method comprises the following steps of machining a mounting hole of the ship hull; mounting the crane bearing in the mounting hole of the ship hull; forming a gap between an outer race of the crane bearing and the ship hull; mounting a baffle on a lower side surface of the crane bearing; shielding the gap by using the baffle; filling liquid rubber to the gap from the upper side surface of the crane bearing; and solidifying the liquid rubber so as to form a tolerance correction and energy absorbing layer. The hole diameter of the mounting hole is greater than the diameter of the outer race of the crane bearing. According to the method for assembling the large crane bearing and the ship hull, a rubber layer is filled between the outer race of the crane bearing and the mounting hole of the ship hull, a rigidness and flexibility alternate matching mode is adopted, the tolerance of the structure is eliminated, inferences on the crane bearing due to structural deformation of the ship hull can be avoided when the crane bearing is used, and the possibility that the structure of the ship hull deforms due to acting force of the crane bearing is reduced.