The invention discloses a bauschinger effect evaluation method of a sleeve tube used for a thickened oil steam huff-and-puff thermal production well and belongs to the field of petroleum and gas extraction. The method includes following steps: S1: measuring an initial yield strength [sigma]0 and a tensile strength [sigma]t of a to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material; S2: obtaining a sleeve tube sample, carrying out multiple symmetrically pull-push cyclic test to obtain yield strengths [sigma]1, [sigma]2, [sigma]3, etc. of every stretching stages; S3: calculating increments [delta][sigma]1, [delta][sigma]2, [delta][sigma]3, etc. of the yield strengths after every pull-push cyclic tests and defining an average value of the increments of the yield strengths as [delta][sigma]; S4: predicting a total increment [delta][sigma]T of the yield strengths within a service life of the sleeve tube according to a formula [delta][sigma]T=A*B*[delta][sigma]; S5: determining the to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material to be qualified if [delta][sigma] is a positive value and a formula [delta][sigma]T<=[sigma]t-[sigma]0 is true, otherwise determining the to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material to be unqualified, or determining the to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material to be qualified if [delta][sigma] is a negative value and a formula [sigma]0+[delta][sigma]T>=[sigma]c is true, otherwise determining the to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material to be unqualified. By means of measurement and calculation of the average value [delta][sigma] of the increments of the yield strengths, it can be determined that whether the to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material belongs to cyclic softening or cyclic hardening, and further it can be determined that whether the to-be-evaluated sleeve tube material is qualified or not.