The invention provides a single-phase grounding fault self-recovery method. The single-phase grounding fault self-recovery method comprises a single-phase grounding fault detection step of monitoring power frequency zero sequence voltage of a power distribution system in real time, judging whether single-phase grounding faults occur in the power distribution system, detecting zero mode voltage travelling waves and zero mode current travelling waves of a power distribution line in real time and judging whether single-phase grounding faults occur in the power distribution line; a loop closing running step of sending instructions of turning off an interconnection switch at the tail end of a closed line after judging that the single-phase grounding faults occur in the power distribution line; a grounding line isolation step of sending instructions of turning on a load side switch of a grounding section after the interconnection switch is turned on, and sending instructions of turning on a power source side switch of the grounding section after the load side switch is turned on so as to isolate the grounding section from the power distribution system. According to the technical scheme, automatic quick isolation of the single-phase grounding faults of a neutral point non-effective grounding system is achieved, and a load cannot lose power in the fault isolation process.