The invention aims to provide a road condition telemeter for testing the situations that wet and slippery roads caused by accumulated water, ice or snow and the like affect the traffic. The road condition telemeter comprises a sensor and a handling device connected with the sensor, wherein the handling device distinguishes the state of a road according to the magnitude of energy of received laser, and the sensor consists of a laser transmitting device and a laser receiving device. The laser receiving device is connected with the handling device. The sensor distinguishes the state of the road by measuring the magnitude of the energy of the received laser based on the working principle of measurement of a spectrophotometer that the energy of reflected laser signals is different if the state of the road (snow, ice, water or dry asphalt road) is different. The thickness of the accumulated water, ice or snow, the slippery coefficient of the road and the coverage of ice and snow are measured through the sensor.