The invention provides a coin concealed pattern detecting method. The method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting the surface image of a coin in a first station, and computing the angle status information of the coin on a mechanical transmission device according to the surface image; (2) according to the angle status information, computing the lighting angle required by a second station and determining light source information; (3) according to the light source information, performing targeted lighting when the coin passes by the second station, and collecting concealed pattern images corresponding every targeted lighting; (4) according to the concealed pattern images, performing quality classification on concealed pattern anti-fake features of the coin. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a detecting device for implementing the coin concealed pattern detecting method. By arranging two detecting stations on the detecting device, targeted lighting during collection of the coin concealed pattern images can be achieved, and the detecting efficiency of the concealed pattern anti-fake features of the coin can be improved.