The invention discloses an overvoltage simulation training system of a high-voltage direct current power transmission system. The system comprises a high-voltage direct current power transmission system overvoltage theory knowledge base, a system element mathematical model knowledge base, a direct current protection base, a direct current control base, a simulation operation training base and a user self-using function expanding module, a user can learn various overvoltage generating principles of a high-voltage direct current power transmission system at any time, be familiar with mathematic models of various elements of the direct current power transmission project, know direct response protection and control configuration, carry out specific overvoltage simulation operation training and deeply and comprehensively knows the overvoltage of the high-voltage direct current power transmission system.