The invention discloses a gas well ignition device and an ignition bomb. The gas well ignition device comprises a contact chamber used for containing a combustion chamber of the ignition bomb, an ignition unit connected with the tail end of the contact chamber, and a barrel capable of being connected with the front end of the contact chamber in an opening mode. In the using state, a launching barrel is coaxially connected with the contact chamber, the ignition unit makes contact with the combustion chamber of the ignition bomb, and a rod integral is formed by the contact chamber, the ignition unit and the launching barrel. The ignition bomb comprises the combustion chamber, a star body chamber arranged in front of the combustion chamber, and a delay element connecting the combustion chamber and the star body chamber. A base of the combustion chamber is provided with an ignition head in a penetrating mode. Propellant is arranged in the combustion chamber, the star body chamber is filled with star bodies and combustion powder, and the two ends of the delay element make contact with the propellant and the combustion powder. The gas well ignition device is small in size, easy to move and suitable for long-distance ignition.