The invention provides a detection method of caffeic acid and aesculetin at the same time in a dandelion and viola philippica granules or an intermediate extract thereof. Through multiple experiment and research, chromatographic conditions of HPLC in detection of the two ingredients at the same time are screened and explored and a content determining method by which the two ingredients in the dandelion and viola philippica granules or the intermediate extract thereof can be detected at the same time. Under the chromatographic conditions, chromatographic peaks of the two ingredients can be separated successfully, interferences of impurity peaks are avoided, a retain time is proper and peak shapes are excellent. By means of the method, an object of successfully determining the contents of the two ingredients can be achieved and a basis of quality researching of a preparation is established. The detection method also provides a reference method of quantitative researching of a preparation containing the caffeic acid and the aesculetin at the same time.