The invention discloses a litopenaeus vannamei larvae rearing and breeding method. The method comprises the steps of larvae rearing and breeding device assembly and sterilization, larvae rearing and breeding water sterilization, larvae putting and feeding, and larvae rearing water quality control. A breeding device adopted in the method is simple in structure, reasonable in arrangement and convenient and easy to operate and use. Automatic control can be achieved in multiple steps, live algae, probiotics and periodic blow down and water change are adopted for water quality control, ecological safety is guaranteed, the design is reasonable, the water environment for larvae rearing is easier to stabilize, and various diseases are prevented. The litopenaeus vannamei larvae rearing and breeding method is simple and efficient.